![]() ![]() Other times, medications or other interventions may be necessary. In some cases, diet and physical therapy or self-care strategies can reduce the impact of these problems on daily life. Problems with bladder and bowel functions commonly occur with MS. In these cases, canes, wheelchairs, and other assistive technologies can aid in muscle control and strength. Over time, limb control and ease of walking may be disrupted. Many people with MS first feel “pins and needles” and have difficulty with coordination or fine motor skills. These effects may start gradually and worsen as demyelination progresses. This may occur when the brain has trouble sending signals to the nerves and muscles. Muscle weakness and balance issuesĭemyelination in areas of the brain and spinal cord that control sensation, movement, or balance results in weakness or balance impairment of the limbs or trunk. Speech or language therapists can often help with trouble swallowing. When proper swallowing is disrupted, food or drink can be inhaled into the lungs, increasing the risk of infections like pneumonia.Ĭoughing and choking when eating and drinking may occur if you have swallowing problems and should be evaluated immediately. If demyelination weakens the muscles involved in swallowing or hinders the body’s ability to control them, it can cause swallowing problems. Swallowing problems (dysphagia) can also develop. It often can be improved through work with a respiratory therapist. Difficulty breathing is a dangerous yet uncommon complication of MS. Difficulty controlling these muscles can begin early in the disease and worsen as it progresses. People with MS can develop breathing difficulties brought on by demyelination that can impact nerves that control muscles in the chest. These effects often occur during relapses or times of fatigue. slurring words, or difficulty articulating.Speaking, swallowing, and breathingĪccording to the National MS Society (NMSS), 25%–40% of people with MS experience speech problems at some point. These types of hearing problems usually resolve when the MS flare improves. Though rare, some people with MS may experience hearing loss or deafness caused by damage to the brainstem. These vision problems are usually temporary and likely result from nerve inflammation or eye muscle fatigue.Īlthough some people with MS experience permanent vision problems, most can be effectively treated with steroids and other short-term treatments, such as special lenses. Vision and hearing lossįor many people, vision problems are the first sign of MS and can begin suddenly, affecting one or both eyes. The impaired nerve signaling between the brain and the organs, muscles, tissues, and cells served by the damaged nerves affects many body systems. Though less common, in advanced cases, MS can cause tremors, seizures, and cognitive problems that closely resemble other neurodegenerative conditions such as dementia. People may also experience depression as a result of MS or from the difficulty of coping with the disease. This can cause nervous system symptoms that include: The result is that the nerves within the brain do not communicate efficiently with each other. ![]() If the nerves become damaged, scar tissue known as plaques may form in the central nervous system. As the immune system damages the myelin sheath, nerves are exposed. ![]()
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